The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with
the blood of patriots and tyrants. It is it’s natural manure.
ATTRIBUTION: THOMAS JEFFERSON, letter to William Stephens
Smith, November 13, 1787.—The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, ed. Julian P. Boyd,
vol. 12, p. 356 (1955).
A related idea was
later expressed by Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac in a speech to the French
national assembly, January 16, 1793: “L’arbre de la liberté… croît lorsqu’il
est arrosé du sang de toute espèce de tyrans (The tree of liberty grows only
when watered by the blood of tyrants),” Archives Parliamentaires de 1787 à
1860, vol. 57, p. 368 (1900).
And much earlier
Tertullian had said: “Plures efficimur quotiens metimur a vobis; semen est
sanguis Christianorum (We multiply whenever we are mown down by you; the blood
of Christians is seed),” Apology, trans. T. R. Glover, pp. 226–27 (1931).
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